Mutaciones a la ética del asesoramiento genético. Tensiones entre prevención y autonomía analizadas a partir de un estudio etnográfico sobre el test genético predictivo para cáncer colorrectal hereditario no polipósico

This thesis reconstructs and analyzes several episodes of popular collective action that took place in the South Great Buenos Aires between 1974 and 1989. Starring different actors and actresses, with variable repertoires and frames of meaning, the different dynamics of confrontation are analyzed in its spatio-temporal plot, from a perspective that highlights the reciprocal effects of the qualities of space in collective action and of the qualities of collective action in space. In the description of the events, special focus is placed on the restitution of the multiple points of view of the subjects who participated in one way or another in them, resorting to their own stories based on an extensive search of documentary sources. Workers, militants, priests, employers, policemen, armed forces, mothers of disappeared persons, parishioners, human rights activists, landowners, neighbors, professional politicians and journalists make up the empirical picture of collective action as a complex space in which vital experiences are linked with specific sites, recreating mutant senses of place. Each of the moments described and analyzed open a new plot, which sometimes rests on the remains of an earlier one, and are woven together in a warp that gives us certain clues about the historical production of variable and overlapping layers more or less evanescent of a place called "South Great Buenos Aires".

Trabajar como profesional del trabajo social en Colombia: La construcción intersubjetiva de la experiencia de trabajo

Butsinceits expansión in capitalismproductivelabourlinked in capitalismproductivelabourlinkedtocommercialismtook as a referecetothefactory, otherways of workingwereacquiringthe figure of #services” “care”, “workontheothers”, “social work” and todaythey are articulatedtothelogic of thewagesociety. ItsFoundation, unlikethework in the Factory or of inmaterial labour non-commercialrelationshipsbutthe “production of people” (Dubet F., 2002) and thereprouction of society.

Thisthesisaddressedtheconstruction of experiencemakingprofessionals in social workwho are employed a in threetyoes of organiztion: a GovermentOrganization (GO), a non-governmentalorganization (NGO) and foundation of Corporate Social Responsability (CSR) in Colombia. Taking as analysisintersubjectivityperspective, whichcontributestoanunderstanding of realitygreateragainstthesubject of thework in theworldtoday Little exploredfromthesoialservices. Thisisrelevant at a time in whicheverythingseemstoindicatethatthegeneration of new jobsisprojectedthere.

La relación Estado/movimiento indígena en Ecuador. Participación política y electoral y administración de la justicia en tiempos de plurinacionalidad e interculturalidad.

This thesis analyzes the relationship between the Ecuadorian State and the indigenous movement in the last thirty years from two questions: How do local governments led by indigenous and non-indigenous people exercise power within a State that defines itself as plurinational and intercultural? and How do indigenous authorities and ordinary justice operators apply their respective justices in a country that constitutionally recognizes legal pluralism?

These questions are inscribed in the framework of the discussion of inequality based on both socioeconomic variables and cultural variables as legitimizing this situation, and in the debate of the tension between the permanence of the civic nation and the emergence of the multinational and intercultural nation

"No les falta nada, no les sobra nada" El cuidado de los adultos mayores en familias trasnacionales con residencia en Argentina y Paraguay

The current research seeks to characterise the way in which the care of the elderly of Paraguay is organised, with special emphasis in the situation of rural families that have been affected by migratory processes. Anchored in theoretical discussions within Transnational and Social Care Studies, the thesis provides a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the situation of the senior elders living in poverty and the care arrangement options available to them, both family and non family centred. It also refects upon the access and quality of life of both the elderly and the people that look after them. At the same time, this research looks at gender roles in the management of care, as well as at the role of the state in both its presence and absence.

Políticas sociales y prácticas ciudadanas a partir de la implementación de la Asignación Universal por Hijo en Argentina (2009-2015)

Universal Child Benefit for Social Protection (by its acronym in Spanish AUH) was implemented in Argentina in 2009.This social policy connects the State and the popular sectors. In order to understand the implications of the AUH in this connection, we will analyze the characteristics of its implementation and its effects. We will carry out a qualitative approach of the mediations formed by the policy experience from the perspective of its recipients: socio-territorial organizations, their circulation in the state offices, and their home-family.
Our thesis is that the AUH generates citizenship practices that are characterized by the individualization and lead to paradoxical effects. On the one hand, how people are informed, how collection is handled and how they access to it as well as the monetization of the connection the AUH produces allow direct access to social protection within certainty. As a consequence, it reinforces a dyadic relationship State-popular sectors and strengthens the individual citizenship tending to universality. On the other hand, it breaks up the bonds of local sociability and puts a strain on the solidarity principles that impede the emergence of collective claims for the breach of human rights. Moreover, the responsibility for the effective accessibility (processing, requirements fulfillment, use of money) is moved to the private sphere. This familiarization of welfare affects unevenly women-mothers.

Conflictos socioambientales en torno a la megaminería metalífera a cielo abierto. El caso de la provincia de San Juan entre los años 2003-2013

The purpose of this research is to investigate the characteristics of the socioenvironmental conflicts surrounding open-pit mining in Argentina in the last decades from the case study of the province of San Juan. In our country, as in the region, socioenvironmental conflicts multiplied, in recent years, within the framework of a neo-extractivist model of development in the which the frontiers of exploitation of the common goods of nature expanded. In this context, the national and subnetional States, accompanied the process of implementation of extractive megaprojects based on regulatory deregulation and the establishment of alliances with transnational companies dedicated to the explotation of strategic resources.

In this scenario, the province of San Juan became early, in a unique experience in the process of expansion of the open-pit mining in Argentina. From the minig policy implemented by the provincial government, it became a reference for other subnational governments that set out to develop the activity. Temporary, this investigation concentrates between the years 2003 - 2013 period of greagter expansion of the open-pit mining in San Juan, which coincides with the consolidation of the mining policy implemented from the provincial State. In this period, the  conflict crossed different stages, some of greater expressions, and others, where it remained in astate of latency.

Distinción social y elitización: prácticas sociales, sociabilidad y estilos de vida de estudiantes de la Universidad de San Andrés

This dissertation seeks to understand distinction and sociability practices among students attending University of San Andres, located in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires. Young men and women with different background and variable social and educational itineraries share the day-to-day at this private university. The methodological approach is a qualitative one, combining ethnographical field work from 2012 to early 2017 with 40 in-depth interviews conducted of students from different programs of study and years. The main findings show the distinction practices inside a group of students which was first assumed to be homogenous. The focus is specially placed on those receiving full scholarships, who must constantly prove their capacity and skills to stay in the program. The argument is that scholarship holders see themselves differently and get to climb up the social ladder, compared with their families, despite unequal integration.

Análisis de la Asignación Universal por Hijo con perspectiva de género: cambios y continuidades en las condiciones de vida de las mujeres titulares en el ámbito del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires.

This research studies the transformations and continuities in the material living conditions of women who are designated as recipients of the Universal Child Allowance, as a result of the social policy, in the area of the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires. Framed in theoretical discussions within feminist economics and the care economy, it considers the gender bias in terms of the policy design, and the role assigned to women in it. Through a methodological strategy combining qualitative and quantitative approaches, the research focuses on three dimensions of analysis: income, labor participation, and care. By means of a conceptualization of economic empowerment that considers unequal power relations based on gender, these three dimensions are examined as deeply interrelated faces of gender inequality. In addition, the research analyzes how gender and class are intertwined as two axes of inequality, as well as the role of the State in the reproduction and transformation of these inequalities.

¿Dios y Libertad? Félix Frías y el surgimientro de una intelectualidad y un laicado católicos en la Argentina del siglo XIX

This dissertation studies the life of Félix Frías (1816-1881) focusing on the pioneering role he played in the creation of a modern laity and a proto catholic intellectual circle in 19^th century Argentina. It focuses on studying the political languages he used, his sociability networks and the diverse ways in which he articulated in his discourse the oeuvres of the may European thinkers that influenced his thinking. Lastly, This work also analyses his role in the construction of a modern laity in Buenos Aires and studies the path of Frías in the midst of different “secularity thresholds” that were in place during this period.

Política y gestión de la Ciencia y la tecnología. Un espacio de tensiones frente a los cambios de dinámica en la producción del conocimiento. Elementos de análisis para la evaluación en ciencia y tecnología

This work addresses the matter of tensions currently present in the gap between two points in time, that in which knowledge is produced and that in which this product is evaluated. The discussion offered seeks to bring to the surface those instances where the scientist feels that their endeavors do not obtain a valuation that is proportionate to the true scope and complexity of their work. The theoretical framework on which this development is supported is technoscience. The concepts built around this approach allow interpreting the context in which researchers work in a broad manner. For this reason, the social environment is bound to be a significant factor in the whole study. In this sense, studies of public perception of science may be the natural recipients of the discussion proposed by this paper. But the actual objective of this work is establishing certain lines of discussion mainly targeting decision-maker echelons with a say in the policies governing this activity. Added to science management and evaluation actors and the institutions they work for.

La producción trasnacional del Estado y la nación. La política cultural Boliviana y los procesos de constitución de la "colectividad" en la ciudad de La Plata

After the opening of a Vice-Consulate of the Plurinational State of Bolivia in La Plata, Argentina, and -through the promotion of its officials- of different entities of civil society, in this thesis we ask about the production of capital state in transnational contexts, the dynamics of "diasporization" of the Bolivian population in the locality and the impact of these issues on the production of national imaginaries. We investigate in the relational space that constitute the local plot of migrant organizations and the Bolivian diplomatic agencies that intervene in the city, together with other state and civil actors of the Argentine Republic, focusing on the production of the consular offices. Using the perspective of transnational studies and the contributions of social studies of the State, we seek to place a series of questions that challenge the reflection on the social dynamics that transcend the borders and the modalities of construction of the relations between the State and the population starting from the migration

Las jefas. Género y poder en la policía de la provincia de Buenos Aires

This doctoral thesis sets out to analyze the challenges that gender poses to power relations within the police department in the province of Buenos Aires (Argentina), based on the experiences of female police officers who reach leadership positions. The first part analyzes the institutional processes of socialization and construction of divisions between male and female members of the police department, since the admission of women in 1947 until the creation of the Gender Policy Headquarters in 2015. Subsequently, a gender map is presented which reveals how hierarchies are distributed in the police department in the province of Buenos Aires. The second part of the thesis analyzes the experiences and practices of female police chiefs, from the minority group who make it to top-level posts, to the majority who are concentrated in positions as heads of Women and Family Precincts. Their personal and professional career paths provide insight into some of the hierarchical organizational criteria rooted in gender relations that cross-cut the police institution.

Entre viajes y fierros. Movilidad cotidiana y espacios de vida de usuarios del ferrocarril de La Araucanía, Chile.

The research analyzed the daily mobility of railway users in La Araucanía region by exploring the living spaces and how these are supported through interurban mobility. This study allowed the characterization of varied mobility circuits, which represent the motivations related to working, educational, recreational and social care activities. We chose to deepen the analysis through dimensions such as daily life, accessibility and gender. In the first dimension, we analyzed the travel dynamics, frequented spaces and mobility practices of the research’s participants. In the second dimension, we identified barriers regarding the density level, routes and trip experiences of subjects whose living spaces showed poor connectivity regarding their daily life activities. Finally, in the third dimension, we analyzed the mobility experiences of women, including their role as mothers, workers and railway users in their daily lives overlapping productive and reproductive spaces. In summary, the research include varied analysis dimensions and act as current image of mobility practices in the south of Chile.

La fumigada, las granjas y el molino. Pertenencias y construcciòn social del riesgo en un pequeño pueblo entrerriano

Changes which have taken place in agricultural production model in the last thirty years have motivated a great controversy around the risk that the intensive use of agrochemicals imply for rural population. From "science" the response is limited and usually tends to be safeguarded by the fact that there is not enough evidence to conclude that the health damages attributed to these products are true. They usually attribute the risk to the specific fact of "misuse of the product", beyond the product itself. For these "productivist" type of positions, the focus of the problem is the practice itself and the conflict can be solved by the proper use of these technologies under the guidelines of good agricultural practices. On the other hand, from social groups who express concern about these issues, clearly the position is the opposite. The practice itself does not seem to be the most questioned, although it is the object itself. Even from discursive -according to the position taken in this respect- the same object can be called in different ways: agrochemical or agro-toxic. Around this binary logic is also grouped most of the works that address the subject. The presence of dichotomous logics that give shape to discourse and practices, clearly shows the unresolved tension around this matter.

My thesis is not intended to settle this controversy. I intend to understand how it plays in the local construction of the notions of risk and how it stresses the sense of belonging in Santa Anita, a small town in Entre Ríos. What is proposed is to present Santa Anita as a study case to address a sociocultural problem that responds in a certain way to the change in production patterns in the Argentine agricultural sector. That is, these problems that are reflected in this community with certain particular features respond to a general problem that results from the change in the productive model.
Santa Anita is a rural town of less than 2000 inhabitants. The origin of its inhabitants corresponds to the Russian-German immigration of principles of 1900 and responds to different colonization pattern from the rest of the neighboring localities since it was founded by a catholic priest. Santa Anita seems to be a community in which order guides them, as do their common interests, threats and fears.
This community with a deep rooted in its origins and traditions, with a strong need to always keep in the present its past, with the threats that they perceive from the "outside" and from the community itself, also presents internal divisions in their fears. Not everything in this community is unity and belonging. There is a risk that divides and fragments them. This risk operates as a symptom of the constitutive tensions of perceptions they have about themselves, of their ways of interpreting their past, of the way of imagining their place in the world and to project their future. It is the risk that they perceive around the application of phytosanitary products used in agricultural production. There is tension between producers, residents, agrochemical application service providers and environmentalists for peri-urban sprayings in agricultural areas. There are two sides coexisting and the preservation of the community depends on their coexistence. This makes the topic of spraying a "silent issue", that is where the community remains silenced.
The purpose is to investigate how this notion of risk is socially constructed and how that notion of risk builds "community". This is the problematic knot that this research seeks to address. In this context, it is worth asking about the articulations and tensions between the social construction of risk and the constitution of this community. In other words: how those risks build community and, at the same time, put into play the representations on which local actors affirm their belongings.
The tensions within Santa Anita never generate exposed fractures because conflict is not a constituent element of this community, and silence is a central tool for the "survival of the community". And it is in this sense that the tension around agrochemicals is manifested as an emerging issue that is linked to the presence of external elements - from outside - that puts the community in question and in "risk" to some of its elements. These matters make them as different from others; puts their sense of belonging at risk. The biggest risk which this community perceives, and that it tries to avoid permanently, is its own disappearance.

Campesinado y gestión de los conocimientos en Colombia en el período 2000-2014. Debates y tensiones en torno a los bienes comunes y la regulación de los conocimientos tradicionales

The thesis addresses the debates and tensions around the management of peasant knowledge in Colombia, during the period 2000-2014, limiting the analysis to the collective action of the organization “National Agricultural Coordinator -CNA-. Inquire about the place of the peasantry and their knowledge in the regulatory frameworks; for the processes of construction of rules, recurring practices, possible interrelations and / or controversies between state and social stakeholders. It locates discussions in the context of negotiation and formulation of international and national legal instruments on: traditional knowledge, biodiversity conservation, genetic resources access and international trade. In this sense, knowledge management is part of a complex network of relations of valuation and / or devaluation of the peasantry, of the different cognitive and nature system. It shows disagreement regarding the development, rights and sustainability of life.